Pakistan is baking under a brutal heatwave, with temperatures soaring well beyond the comfort zone and pushing the limits of human tolerance. As thermometers climb past 48°C (118°F) in several parts of the country, hundreds have been rushed to hospitals suffering from severe heatstroke and dehydration. This isn’t just a hot day—it’s a public health emergency.
The Rising Temperatures Across Pakistan
Major Cities Affected
Cities like Karachi, Lahore, Multan, Jacobabad, and Sukkur are among the worst-hit. The blistering sun and hot winds have made life miserable for millions.
Record-Breaking Temperatures
Jacobabad, known globally for its extreme weather, recently recorded temperatures nearing 51°C (123.8°F), one of the hottest on Earth. Lahore and interior Sindh also reported records not seen in decades.
Duration and Pattern of the Heatwave
The heatwave has been persisting for over two weeks with little relief. Experts say this isn’t a typical seasonal rise in temperature—it’s more intense, widespread, and persistent.
Health Impact of the Heatwave
What is Heatstroke?
Heatstroke is a serious medical condition caused by the body overheating, usually as a result of prolonged exposure to high temperatures. It can be fatal if not treated immediately.
Symptoms and Dangers
Common symptoms include:
- High body temperature
- Rapid pulse
- Confusion or altered mental state
- Nausea and vomiting
- Loss of consciousness
Number of Cases Reported
According to health officials, over 2,000 people have been treated for heat-related illnesses across Pakistan in the last week alone. Many are in critical condition, and several deaths have been reported, especially among the elderly and laborers.
Emergency Response and Medical Efforts
Hospitals Overwhelmed
Emergency wards are packed. In Karachi and Lahore, hospitals have set up additional beds and called in extra staff to manage the surge.
Role of Rescue Teams
Rescue 1122 and other emergency services have been working around the clock, transporting patients and providing first aid at public points.
Temporary Medical Camps
Makeshift medical tents have been set up near bus stands, railway stations, and major intersections to offer immediate relief.
Vulnerable Groups at Risk
Elderly and Children
Older people and children are especially vulnerable due to their weaker ability to regulate body temperature.
Outdoor Workers and Daily Wagers
Construction workers, traffic police, delivery agents—anyone who works under the sun—is at high risk.
Homeless Population
With no shelter or resources, the homeless are left completely exposed. Many rely on charity or NGOs for relief.
Government’s Response
Heatwave Alerts and Warnings
The Pakistan Meteorological Department (PMD) has been issuing heatwave alerts almost daily, urging people to stay indoors and hydrated.
Cooling Centers and Hydration Points
Some provinces have set up cooling centers in mosques, schools, and community halls to help people cool down.
Criticism and Gaps in Response
Despite efforts, critics say the response is reactive, not proactive. Many rural areas and slums are still without support.
The Role of Climate Change
Global Warming and Extreme Weather in South Asia
South Asia is becoming a hotspot for extreme heat events, and Pakistan is right in the danger zone.
Scientific Insights
Scientists say global warming is intensifying heatwaves—making them more frequent, longer-lasting, and more dangerous.
Pakistan’s Vulnerability
With limited infrastructure, energy shortages, and urban planning challenges, Pakistan remains highly vulnerable to climate shocks.
How to Protect Yourself During a Heatwave
Stay Hydrated
Drink water frequently—even if you’re not thirsty. Avoid alcohol, caffeine, and sugary drinks.
Avoid Peak Heat Hours
Stay indoors between 11 a.m. and 4 p.m., when the sun is at its peak.
Wear Light and Breathable Clothing
Loose-fitting cotton clothes are ideal. Don’t forget your hat and sunglasses!
Community Awareness and Support
Role of NGOs and Volunteers
Many non-profits are distributing water bottles, oral rehydration salts, and umbrellas in crowded areas.
Public Awareness Campaigns
TV, radio, and social media are being used to share heatwave safety tips.
Role of Social Media
Hashtags like #HeatwavePakistan and #StayCool are trending, helping spread vital information quickly.
Economic and Social Impacts
Labor Productivity Loss
When it’s too hot to work, daily wagers suffer the most. This affects incomes and slows down economic activity.
Impact on Agriculture
Crops are wilting. Heat-sensitive produce like wheat and vegetables are facing reduced yields.
Public Transport Chaos
Metallic vehicles turn into ovens. Commuters are fainting in packed buses with no air conditioning.
Lessons from Previous Heatwaves
2015 Karachi Tragedy
Over 1,200 people died in Karachi alone during the 2015 heatwave—mostly due to lack of water and electricity.
Improvements and Preparedness
There have been improvements in awareness, but critical gaps in healthcare and infrastructure remain.
Are We Learning Enough?
Unfortunately, not fast enough. Without long-term planning, we’re just reacting to a recurring crisis.
Urban Heat Island Effect
Role of Concrete Jungles
Lack of trees and too much concrete cause urban areas to trap heat more than rural regions.
Lack of Green Cover
Few parks, minimal tree plantations, and uncontrolled urbanization worsen the heatwave’s effect.
Possible Urban Planning Solutions
Plant more trees, create green belts, and use heat-reflective materials in construction.
International Attention and Aid
WHO and UN Warnings
Both organizations have issued alerts for South Asia, urging preparation and international cooperation.
Climate Funding and Support
Pakistan needs global climate funding to build climate-resilient infrastructure.
Long-term Collaboration
More collaboration is needed between Pakistan and global climate institutions to prepare for the future.
Future Outlook
Are More Heatwaves Coming?
Unfortunately, yes. Climate models predict more frequent and intense heatwaves in the years ahead.
Climate Models Prediction
By 2050, parts of South Asia may become uninhabitable during peak summers if trends continue.
Building Resilience
From public education to urban planning—Pakistan must act now to adapt to this new climate reality.
Conclusion
The recent heatwave in Pakistan is a harsh reminder of our growing vulnerability to climate change. With hundreds already treated for heatstroke and temperatures rising, it’s clear that awareness, preparation, and action are urgently needed. We can’t control the weather—but we can control how we respond to it. Stay cool, stay safe, and stay informed.
FAQs
Q1: What is the main cause of heatwaves in Pakistan?
A1: Heatwaves are caused by prolonged periods of high pressure that trap warm air in an area. Climate change and global warming are intensifying these events in Pakistan.
Q2: How many people have been affected by the heatwave in Pakistan recently?
A2: Over 2,000 people have been treated for heat-related illnesses across various provinces, with several fatalities reported.
Q3: What are the symptoms of heatstroke?
A3: Symptoms include high fever, rapid heart rate, confusion, vomiting, fainting, and dry, hot skin.
Q4: How can one protect themselves during a heatwave?
A4: Stay indoors during peak hours, drink plenty of fluids, wear light clothing, and avoid strenuous activities.
Q5: What steps is the government taking to tackle the heatwave?
A5: The government has issued warnings, set up cooling centers, and launched awareness campaigns—but many believe more proactive and long-term solutions are needed.
